Create a Profile

In this experiment we had to take what we knew and create a criminal profile for the Suspects, I was not good at creating profiles. there were three categories: what I knew; what I knew but need more testing; and what I do not know

Witness Experiment

In this lab we tried to determine if we would be good Witnesses to crimes. We had to find 4 pictures around the same size and cut out the facial features and try to remember what it looks like. Then we had to mix them up and try to put them back together. I determined that I would not be a good witness. I think that if I had more time I would have been able to get better at it.

History of Handwriting

In 1875, the French Abbot, Jean Hyppolyte Michon, coined the phrase "Graphology", from the Greek: "Graph" meaning, 'To write' or 'I write', and "Logos" meaning 'doctrine' or 'theory'. Graphology means handwriting At the beginning of the 19th century, the German, Lavater, and the Frenchmen, Edouard Hocquart and Abbé Flandrin, developed interpreting handwriting. But it was not until the second half of the century, when Michon published the results of his many years research into individual handwriting movements, that the subject began to arouse public interest. His method gained popularity owing to its simplicity; he studied certain elements in handwriting, namely the 'stroke', the 'letters', the 'words', the 'baseline', 'paragraphs', 'free movements' ('i' dots and 't' bars), 'flourishes', 'punctuation' and 'paraphs'. However, his method of allocating one specific movement to represent one aspect of character, and in particular his assertion that the lack of a movement indicated the opposite characteristic, is now recognized as only being partly accurate. Michon's successors, particularly his student, Jule Crepieux-Jamin disagreed with this principle, and also with the practice of attributing rigid interpretations to single signs. Crepieux-Jamin, who spent his life collating and improving upon Michon's observations, is today credited with founding the "Societé Francais de Graphologie". He defined the various elements of handwriting which today form the basis of the French school of graphology, and divided these elements into seven categories: Dimension, Form, Pressure, Speed, Direction, Layout and Continuity. To every element in the handwriting, Crepieux-Jamin attributed a range of possible meanings; he insisted that the value of any given sign is not fixed and that its significance and interpretation can vary depending upon the other features in the writing. This theory is now supported by all professional graphologists. In other words, no single feature in handwriting can be taken reliably to represent anything  about the writer, unless it is supported by other factors in the writing. At approximately the same time in Germany, William T Preyer recognized the fact that 'handwriting' is in fact 'brainwriting'. He correctly postulated that should the writer lose his writing arm, as did Nelson for example, and have to use the opposite hand, or even the mouth or foot as in the case of paralysis, the same basic tendencies will appear in the script, although obviously not executed with such fluency at first. In 1897, the 2nd "Graphological Periodical" was founded in Germany by Hans Busse (who also formed the Association for Graphological Research). The chief contributors were Dr Georg Meyer and Busse's assistant editor, Dr Ludvig Klages. Meyer's work was important, but even his greatest contributions were overshadowed by the eminence of Klages. Later, Klages moved to Switzerland where he was to continue his research work and create the first complete and systematic theory of graphology. Also in Switzerland, Dr Max Pulver, a renowned psychologist who had a deep interest in graphology, was to make a further contribution, in terms of the symbolism in handwriting, both in direction and in symbolism of space. His division of the handwriting into the three vertical 'zones' explains aspects of the handwriting previously misunderstood, with his formulation of the 'Three Dimensions' - vertical movement, horizontal movement, and depth - providing an integral understanding of graphology as we know it today.

Crime scene

Exhibits: 1. Ripped u

p Note

2. Hair 3. Fingerprint 4. Poss

ible Poison 5. Maggots

6. Decomposed face 7. Two footprints 8. Prints

on glass 9. Fingerprint 10.Fiber 11.Syringe

Poison

est 3: Household Ammonia; 1 was positive for Household Ammonia Test                    1 2 3 odor Pungent Odorless Odorless pH 11 8 7 Phth color Pink/purple Colorless yellow Test 4: Aspirin; 1 was positive for Aspirin Test 1 2 3 pH 2 6 6 BTB color Yellow Green green Test 5: Cyanide; 2 was positive for Cyanide. Test 1 2 3 Fe3 color Colorless Red colorless Test 6: Iodine; 3 was positive for Iodine. Test 1 2 3 Starch color Yellow Red blue Test 1: Metals; 1 was positive for lead. 2 was positive for iron. 3 was negative for everything. Test 1 2 3 KSCN color Colorless Red Yellow KI Yellow precip. Colorless Yellow Acid White precip. Colorless Yellow  Test 2: Sugar; 1,2, and 3 were negative. Test

1 2 3 Benedict Solution Blue Blue Blue

Drugs

In the Drug Activity we had different "Substances" and we had to test to see if it was a drug or not

Drug Analysis Lab Drug PH Cocaine Reagent LSD Reagent 1 Yellow 7Negative Negative 2 green 9 negative negative 3 red 2 Negative Positive 4 Green 8 Negative Negative 5 yellow 6Negative Negative 6 Red 4Negative Positive

Foot print

In this activity we

had to press our shoe print into the sand then we had to analyze it and we repeated it with each member in our group

Brandon analysis: On this one there a few distinct patterns like on the sides of the footprints there were rectangles as in blocks this one is big so I think it is from a male.

Experiment title: footprint analysis for Sammi Date:11/17/11 Time:11:58 Observer’s name: Brandon, Iyanna, Natassja Weather Conditions: Partly cloudy Temperature: 64of Wind Direction: (NW) Wind gust: 46mph Wind speed: 29 mph Relative humidity: 73% Most Recent Precipitation: Rain 11/16/11 Substrate: Sand Number of Track’s identified: 1 Impression measurements: Length 9 1/2 inches Width: 3 1/2 inches Position in track series: Forward Direction of Track way: North On this one there was a curved line going down through the footprint there is also a few crisscrossed lines around the back of the heel.

experiment title: footprint analysis for NatassjaDate:11/17/11 Time:11:42 Observer’s name: Brandon, Iyanna, Sammie Weather Conditions: Partly cloudy Temperature: 64of Wind Direction: (NW) Wind gust: 46mph Wind speed: 29 mph Relative humidity: 83% Most Recent Precipitation: Rain 11/16/11 Substrate: Sand Number of Track’s identified: 1 Impression measurements:Length: 10 inchesWidth(widest, generally ball of foot): 5 inches Position in track series: Forward Direction of Track way: North Analysis: There was a slight heel because one part was deeper than the other side. It looked as though there was a line going down the middle of the sole opposite to the heel. This was clearly from a woman because of the heel.

Famous forgery case

In 1795 a Mr. Ireland brought forward what he claimed to be a new version of "Kynge Leare" which was allegedly written by William Shakespeare himself. In 1796, Edward Malone published a refutation of this document. Mr. Malone had discovered that the questioned manuscript contained pages with twenty different watermarks. He reasoned that an author of Shakespeare's caliber who was also famous and affluent at the time Lear was written, would have gone to a papermaker and secured as much paper of one type as was needed for his work. But someone who wanted to forge an Elizabethan play 200 years later would ferret out such scraps of old paper as he could - from the flyleaves and blank pages of old manuscripts. Indeed, in 1805 the forger wrote his confession and admitted that he had done exactly that. He had paid a bookseller to let him cut out blank pages from the older volumes in his shop.

12 characteristics of handwriting

1. Line Quality- Do the letters flow or are they written with very intent strokes 2. Spacing of words and letters- what is the average space between words and letters? 3. Ratio of height, width, and size of letters- are the letters consistent in height, width, and size? 4. Lifting pen: Does the author lift his or her pen to stop writing a word and start writing a new word?

5. Connecting strokes: How are capital letters connected to lower case letters? 6. Strokes to begin and end- where does the letter begin and end on a page? 7. Unusual letter formation- Are any letters written with unusual slants or angles? Are some letters printed rather written in cursive? 8. Pen pressure- How much pressure is applied on upward and downward strokes? 9. Slant- Do letters slant to the left or right? If slant is pronounces, a protractor may be used to determine the degree. 10.Baseline Habits- Does the author write on the line or does the writing go above or below the line? 11.Fancy writing habits- Are there any unusual curls, loops, or unique styles? 12.Placement of Diacritics- How does the author cross the t’s or dot the i’s

Case where hair and fiber exonerate a suspect

Perry Harder of Winnipeg had been shot several times in the chest in September 1990. Driskell — his friend — was convicted and sentenced to life in prison a year later. The RCMP said three hair samples found in Driskell's van were Harder's, and that evidence convicted him. Later test results from the U.K. found none of the hairs belonged to Harder.
Driskell was granted bail in November 2003. The federal justice minister at the time, Liberal Irwin Cotler, quashed the conviction and ordered a new trial in 2005 with a lot of influence from The Association in Defence of the Wrongly Convicted. Despite that, the Manitoba government opted to stay the trial and end the case without exonerating Driskell. It also called for a public inquiry into the case. A lot of the witnesses were “Persuaded” to tell stories about him that would convict him. The main witness for the prosecution was paid off to tell his story.. The report also said the failure of the Crown to disclose information to the defence was "careless indifference."

Reliability of Hair and Fiber

If and when Hair and Fiber analysis can give significant information, the results are rarely considered conclusive. DNA from hair may be extracted from hair which then can be tested, and therefore give results that are considered accurate. Fiber evidence must be associated with an alleged source by the process of statistical elimination.

Typical Hair/fiber analysis and how scientists use the data

Hair and Fiber samples are put under an microscope and examined. Then if there is one to compare it to the use an comparison microscope to analyze and to determine if there is a match.

Hair/Fiber collection techniques

Hair

1. if possible use fingers/tweezers to pick up the hair then seal in paper bindiles or coin envelopes, then seal in a larger envelope. Label

2. if it is in dry blood, or caught in metal, or a crack of glass. Then don't try to remove it. take the object if it is small and wrap it and mark it. if it is large then wrap it in paper.

Fiber:

For threads or large Fibers


1. Pick up and put in paper bindle, then in a coin enevelope
2. then seal and lable
**Do Not put the fiber directly into mailing envelope it can be lost.

If Fibers are short or few in number

1. Wrap the whole area or the entire item and send it to the laboratory
2.Only pick up fibers with tape if the laboratory in your jurisdiction allows it.
3. send all clothing from persons which the fibers may have originated from.

Five major types of Fibers

1. Spider Silk
2. Sinew
3. Catgut
4. Wool
5. Hemp

Complete part of a Hair